Improvement in saw-filing machines



, i s Smetssheen 1. 0. W. LE MAR. Saw-Filing Machines.

No. 199,453. .Patented Jan. 22, 1878.

FLCJ.

N. PETERS. PHOYOLITHQ-GRAPHER WASMNGTDNh D Q1 3 Sheets-Sheep 2.. O. W. LE MAR. Saw-Filing Machines.

No. 199,453. Patented Jan. 22,1878..

l".FETERS, PHOTLLITHOGRAPHER. WASHINGTON, D. C.

3 Sheets-Sheet 3;

O. LE MAR. Saw-Filing Machines.

Patented Jan. 22,1878.A

N1 PETERS. PHOTO-LITHOGRAPHER. WASHINGTON. CA

UNITED STATES-PATENT OFFICE.

oLIvERw. LE MAR, or NEw RURLINGToN, oHio, AssiGNoR or ONE-HALE .His RIGHT ro ARTHUR; M. JUDY, or sAME PLAGE.

IMPROVEMENT IN SAW-FILING MACHINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent o. 199,453, dated January 22, 1878; application filed May 31, 1877.

ATo all @o7-Lam it may conc'en'frh` Be it `known that I, OLIVER W. LE MAR, of the village of New Burlington, in the county of Clinton andl State of Ohio, have made cer-` tain; new and `useful Improvements in Saw- Filing Machines, which are fully, clearly, and conciselyT set forth in the following specifica tion and accompanying drawings.

Three sheets of drawings accompany this specification, viz., Sheet l, with Figures l and 2 5 Sheet 2, with Figs.v 3 and 4L;` and Sheet ,3, withFigs. 5, 6, 7, S,.and 9. Y I y rlwo diiierent kinds of movement are Vshown and described, and bothV are essential to the proper operation of the 'machine in iiling coarse and line saws.

Myinvention consists of an apparatus, fully described hereinafter, in which a saw clamp and file-operating mechanism are constructed, combined, and operated so, as `to flle sawfteeth of any degree of inenessat any required angle or bevel. f

Fig. l is a side elevation ofl my improved saw-filing machine withthe chain-movement. Fig. 2 is `a plan view of the saine. Fig. 3 is a sectional plan view of themachine, with the screw-movement used in filing saws with finer 'grades of teeth. The chain and pulleys are removed.. Fig. 4 is an enlarged view ofthe main inclmed bar, which forms the guideway y for the device which elevates the point of the file on its backward stroke. Fig. 5 is an end view (right) of the upper part of the machine, with the screw-movement,showing the incli; nation of the pivoted sawclamp and the graduated scales usedin regulating its adjustment, Fig. 6 is an end view (from the rear) of the under Ele-carriage, showing the movableparts which hold the trip end of the iile. Fig. 7 is a longitudinalview of the file and the pipechuek which holds its shank, and a crossfsection of the tip-block and movable` sleeve in .which the ille-tip is inserted. Fig.

SV is a rear view of an end section of the sawclamp. Fig. 9 is a cross-section .of ythe sam y through line x x.. y I The carriage yfor the iile` is in three parts. A. is the top sash-frame, which slides :be-

tween the bars B and C, being grooved to f1tthe-V-shaped edges of the same. These bars a, connecting' the two side rails b b of the under sash-frame A` in the same manner. A' bolt, a', passes through the center of these two bridge-trees, connecting them together, and forming, the pivot for the sash-'frame A', which canbe turned to the right or left, as

.shown in Fig. 3, the object being to give obliquity to the cut of iile F, and obviate the necessity of removing the saw from its clamp and reversing it for filing its alternate teeth. A split nut, N, forms the head of the pivotbolt at", which is used with the screw-movement. f p

The front cross-bar of the sash Avis` segmenta1,and is slotted through its entire length toA receive `the shank Vof the thumb-screw t, vwhich is formed into a pointer at the top end,

to indicate the degree of inclination given to the leF on the graduated scale Jfinarked on the cross-bar. It extends downward through the center of the front cross-bang of the second sash, A', and has a milled nut on its lower end, which fastens it at any point required.

On the front top bar B of the machine is a scale, B', graduated from six to thirteen teeth to the inch. This is used with both the chain and screw movement. A fixed indicator, fi,

extends from the middle of the front bar of A across this scale, marking with eizactness4 the space through which it travels, so thateach tooth shall be filed precisely to 'agage, Af. The sash which carries the le F across the. saw slides upon dovetailed tongues t( on the under side of the rails b b of the pivoted sash-frame A', being grooved to y lit them. The construction of these parts is shown in the end view, Fig. 6. The file is held by its shank end in asplit chuck, f', having an external thread and a milled nut, by which it is securely fastened. This' chuck projects from the centerof a cross-tree or rock-shaft, c,'piv

oted in hangers or lugs under the frontend sleeve, o, which passes through the tip-block c from rear to front, is capable of rotation, and has a screw-head on its rear end for the purpose of turning 'the le onfits axis, so as to give its sides any degree of inclination required for the edges of the saw-teeth. A scale over the head of sleeve c" (which has a notchmark on it) is marked for the angle required.

Sleeve c" is held in position by set-screw e, which also passes through and secures the foot of the elevated' tongue m, which stands upon the top of 0'. (See Figs. 2, 3, 6, and 7.)

Block 0' has square-shouldered tenons on its ends, which have a free up-and-down movement during the operation of the iile (as seen .in dotted lines, Fig. 6) in slotted guides q,

which extend upward from the under bridgetree b. At the left end of the kblock one-half of the slotted guide q is seen cut away to show the tenon and slot. The under bridgetree b' .is separate from the lower sliding sash A, its ends being tongued to allow its adjustment in grooves'in the inner edges of its side rails, to suit Vdifferent lengths of files. y It is fastened by thumb-screws b b.

The operation of the file and the parts in which it is held can be readily understood by reference to the several gures, it being the same in both the chain and screw movement. The saw. being clamped in clamp C' at the proper height and angle, power is applied to the drive-wheel D, and transmitted through 'pitman c, which is made in two parts (see Fig.

5) so as to be adjustable, to the sliding sash A, which carries the ile. rlhe latter moves from the operator in a horizontal direction.

The spiral spring n', which is seen in loop n, and is attached to the lower bar of this loop, connects with block c at its top end, j and pulls downward on the block, holding down the tip of the iile until it arrives at the end of its forward stroke, catch or stud n on the tongue m of tip-block c being caught by the curved end of the under spring s, (see Fig. 4,) which acts as a guide for it, and is carried along on the spring until it arrives at the opening O at the back end of the guideway or long slot e of the inclined bar t, where it is forced upward by the action of spring s through said opening', sliding'up over the bevel at the upper edge of O, under the top spring s, which steadies its movements. It resumes its backward stroke, sliding up the bar, after passing from under spring s, as seen in dotted lines, raising block c', to which tongue m is attached, and elevating the tip -of the tile at the same time, so that it will clear the saw. When 'n arrives at the upper side opening O' the file has reached the end of its backward stroke. It then drops through this opening by the action of the spiral spring nf, bringing down the iile to the horizontal plane ofv its cut for the next forward stroke. This rising and falling of the ile is repeated until the tooth is iiled out to a inish.

Spring s is beveled to a feather-edge at its 4J'ree end (see Figs. 3 and 4) for the purpose of allowing catch n to slide over it in case of areverse movement, during the backward stroke, before it reaches the side slot O', the spring acting as a safeguard to prevent said catch from falling back through the lower slot 0, which would cause the le to fall on its backward stroke.

Tongue m, with its catch or stud n, falls entirely clear of the inclined bar t through side slot O and slot e, and does not enter the latter again until it has nearly reached the end' of its forward stroke, when n is caught upon the lower spring s, which guides the upperI end of m into the lower end of the long slot e and the stud n into the side slot 'O at nearly the same time. n is finished with rounded V-edges, so as to adapt it for the operation describe r Block 0', with its tongue m, spring n', and slide-bar t, with its slots and springs, constitute the operative devices which substitute the left hand of the operator in ordinary ling by hand. The inclined bar t has a slot, Z, in its upper end, (see Figs. 2 and 3,) through which it is secured to the under side of the bridge-tree a" by a set-screw, and its lower end is` inserted in a loop, l, under the rear cross-bar of the sash A', making it adjustable. The saw-clamp C extends lengthwise of the machine, under the middle of the file-carriage, its ends being tenoned and sliding in slots r of the pivoted hangers L at each end of the frame. (See Figs. 5 and 8.) These hangers are pivoted at the upper end to the middle of the upper-end cross-bar m of the main frame,

'and have a scale on one side of the slot r, indicating the proper height at each end for the clamp G', which is fastened by the thumbscrew r. The lower end of L moves over a semicircular scale, K, graduated from 0 to 400 each way from the center.` It is secured at any point on the scale by the thumb-screw la. The hanging of the saw-clamp in this manner allows the face of the teeth of the saw to be led to any desired angle, and does not require the saw to be removed from the clamp till the filing is complet-e, as the hangers L can be loosened after filing one way, and swung with the clamp to the saine angle on the opposite side of the scale K, and the filing proceeded with, as before, after the angle of the rile-carriage is reversed, which latter movement is only required in an oblique cut.

Y The saw-clamp()l is constructed of two parallel bars with beveled jaws, the rear onebeing provided with the iixed bars 0, Fig. 9, which extend through mortises O in the front bar, and having the eccentrics4 e pivoted to their front ends.

A spiral spring, s', is introduced between the nclamp-bars, to open them when the eccentrics are released. The rear bar of the saw-clamp has a dovetailed groove, g, oir the back,;exvA tending lengthwise, with a sliding block, n, (see Figs. 8 and 9,) tted therein, to whichan edge-clamp, P, is secured by thumb-screw b passing through its slot and through the blocky Figsfl and 2 show the parts in adjustment' for a straight or right-angled cut. Chain d has its ends fastened to hooks d at each end` of the bridge-tree a on sash A, leading each way over pulleys d" d' at the ends ofthe machine, in line with its center and around shaft E, extending across the ,middle of the 'tw'o lower rails.

. Infattachjngthe chain, the right endiis'iirst attached to the hook d on-the4 right side of bridge-tree a', and passed over the right-end. 4pulleys di and df, under the lower-end crossleft front post, and it extends the full length ofthe machine in front of the lower rail,- and' between the snb-post Bl and the right-corner post, with a foot-boarden this end, which is balancedby a-connter-weight, W,`at the end of a chain attached to the lever and extend-` ing over pulley m at the top of the corner- P0S'. 3 i

Lever Gis connected,by the catch-pawls g,

with the outside ratchet-wheel: H, rotating shaft E to the right, moving the iile and its machine, its ends turningin elevatedbearings'.

carriage through chain d. j i

The movements of lever G and of the filecarriage and its iile inV connection therewith are regulated by the block-nut D `on the ver.

tical screw I, which extends downward through the connecting-bars which attach thesub-post B to the corner-post of `the machine.'` It has a hand-wheel on its top end, and is seen in Fig. 1, al portion of the sub-post B" being broken away toshow the sore In operatingjthe foot-lever G, after the propel' adjustment of the nut-block D by the scale on the front of the sub post B, which it slides over, it is in a raised position, as seen in dotted lines in Fig. yl, it being drawn up to the stop-block D' bythe counter-weight As it rises each time, after being released from foot-pressure, it raises the small hand-lever h' toa perpendicular. rlhis lever having rod j" rigidly attached to it byone end, while'the other is turned-backward at right angles' un# der the push-pawlsh, the latter areraised;

with it. These pawls operate on the reversed teeth ofthe inside ratchet-wheel Hon shaft 1E, behind the wheel H. '(See Fi`g. 2.) As

soon as lever G is pressed down pawls h" drop `into the teeth of lwheel H', stopping the rota-V tion' of E at each movement. lA'sinall slot, 0,

on the inside of thefoot-piecefof G, (see Fig. 2,) slidesup the lever h as it is drawnup by the counter-weight W, 'throwin g it back until it raises pawls hv, the end of G striking the stopblock D, at the Sametime moving the file-carriage according to the height which the stopblock D' markson the scale on the front of sub-post Bv, which coincides with the size of the teeth of ,thesaw. Shaft E is also operat` the ratchet-wheels H and H by hand-lever h,

rods j and j. being rigidly attached to its shaft y', (which has itsbearings in the lower front railjand a bracket attached thereto on the rear side,) and extending'at right angles under the pawls` A stop on the rear side of. segment J retains lever h when thrown tothe left to raise the` pawls. Lever -h acts independently in raising pawls hf". It is pivoted toY the lower front rail,`at the bottom of which, on the front side, is the' spring p",which has a notchon it which.` holds the llever when raised. When lever G falls, a pin on it strikes the end of spring p and releases lever h', which allows pawlshmzto fall back on wheel 'H'.

In ling circular saws of large size they can be placed oni shaft E and the machine set over a pit, chain el being detached. The crankshaft f can be used to rotate-it.

In the-screw-movement none of the devices shown inithe lower' part of theA machine are used. The chain is detached from the hooksf d', and .the'iscrew S is used in its stead for movinlg the file-carriage. `This screw extends from .one .end to the other-over the middle of the a crank-handle `for turning it. l The le-carriage 'is connected with screw S by the nut N,

whichforms thel head ofrtlre pivot-bolt ad, `whichV 'connects the upper' and lower sections A and A' of the iile-carriage. The nut and bolt are sh'own in detail, Fig. 3'. The nut is divided horizontally in two. equal parts, u and u', and is hinged together on the rear side.

Only` the top section wis threaded, the lower halfof the-hole for' the screw S inu being left smooth, so as to allow of its sliding along the screw whenthe top-hinged part is thrown up.'

The upper sectionu is' provided with a claspspring, o, which fastens theparts together when closed..f

The screw-movement is used exclusively for iine saws, and the file-clamp with its gages and scales is used in this as in the chain-movement, also the scales on the top-carriage A and on vbar B.

I claim as my improvement- ,l

`1`. A saw-filing machine constructed with 'a frame supportingtwo top bars, B and C, which guide'a file-carriage, have transversev slots at both ends, are adjustable, are secured by means of thumb-screws a a to the upright supports, and connect and'brace the latter, substantially asshownand described. e

2. The file-*carriage having two main parts pivoted together, the upper adapted to guides B C, and the lower suspended below the upper, and adjustable on its pivot, as specied.

8. A file-carriage adapted for holding a iile for ling saws in a saw-iiling machine, constrncted in three sections, A A' A", the 'first section, A, sliding lengthwise of the machine upon the top bars B andl 0,'and having the same relative position 'thereto at all points on said bars, with section A', which carries the cross-sliding sash A", on which the file F is hung, pivoted under s'aid bars to the top section A, so as to vallow it to be moved radially in a horizontal plane to any required angle to the` line of the saw, as and for the purpose hereinbefore described. t

4. A file-carriage for saw-iiling machines, constructed in three sections, A,A', and A", sections A and A' each constructed with an elevated bridge-tree, a' and a", respectively, extending across their side rails, between the top bars B and C of the machine, through which the latter section, A', carrying the sec,

tion A", is pivoted to the former section, A, as and for the purpose set forth.

5. A saw-filing machine having a iile-carriage with a top sliding section or sash-frame,v

A, having the same relative position at all points toits guide bars or ways B and' (.5, and a lower section pivoted to the upper, and consisting of the pivoted frame A', and'frame A", sliding on the frame A' and carrying the tile F, as set forth.

6. In the le-carriage A A' A", connected by a pivot-bolt, af", through its two first sections, as shown, the scale i' on the top section A and theindexor pointeriextending through the center of the front bar V of section A in line with file F, and through a slot in said scale, and having a milled clamp-nut on the lower end of its threaded shank, forclamping the two sections together and fastening the index t' at any point on the scale, for indicating the angle or degree given to the file, substantially as shown and described;

7. The graduated guide-plate B, arranged Y as lshown and combined with the sliding filecarriage having a curved index on the upper section, a pointer, t', carried by the lower section, and a pointer, i", extending over the graduations on the guide, asset forth.

8. In a file-carriage for saw-iiling machines in sections A A' A", the pivoted section A',

having rails b b extended in front of the machine, and provided with hangers, a crankshaft and drive-wheel, D, mounted thereon, and connected by an adjustable pitman, c, with the cross-sliding sash A", for giving to the latter a reciprocating movement, as and for the purpose specified. p

'i 9. The combination of the sliding section A",carrying the file, crank-shaft, pitman c, the rock-shaft c' for holding the tang of the le, andthe sliding block c'" for holding they point,'sub`stantia1ly as specified. e

. 10. In a file-carriage adapted to be operated in a sawllin'g machine, the bridge-tree b', block c'", sleeve'c", with itsI scale t", and setscrew c,for Athe purpose of holding the end of the iile,'and allowing it 'to be turned on its axis and.` secured at any angle or degree required, for the purpose set forth.

11."In a saw-filing machine having a ilecarriage'operated as described, the adjustable inclined b'ar t, with its long slot e", side slots O and .0', springs s" and s, operated in connection with tongue m, and its catch or stud n, sliding block c'", provided with the tip holding'andA adjusting devices speciiied, spring n','loop fn", the adjustable bridge-tree bf, having thumb-screws b", all arranged and operated for the purpose of raising the iile-tip and clearing the iile from the saw on its backward stroke.

12. In combination with the devices for elevating the tip end ofthe le F, as adapted to be operated in theiile-carriage of a saw-ling machine, and' as herein shown and described, the rock-.shaft c', having'iile-chuck f' for holding the shank end of said file and allowing its radial movement, the adjustable pitman c, drive-wheel D, and shaft, and the iile-carriage A", A', and A,the whole arranged to be operated by either a chain or screw movement, substantially as and for the purpose described.

13. In combination with a movable iile-carriage for'saw-iiling machines supported upon guide-bars B and O' of the same, above the saw-clamp'c', the chain d, attached thereto by hooks d' in line v `with saw-clamp, pulleys d' v and d'", supportedby the end bars of the frame of the machine, windlass E, having ratchetwheels H and H', and pawls g, h", and h'", handlevers h andh", and the ycrank-shaft f with its `belt and pulleys p p', as and for the purpose hereinbefore set forth.

'14. In combination with the windlass-shaft E, with its ratchet-and-pawl devices, shown and described, for operating the iile-carriage" -lever G, with itsV catch-pawls g, chain, and

counter-wei'ght'W, as shown and speciiied.

15. The screw I, stop-blocknut D', sub-post B, and itsscale, as and for the 'purpose here- `inbefore set forth.

16. In combination, shaft E, with its chainand-pulley connections for 'the operation of the file-carriage A A'v A","ratchetwhe'el H, pawls g and h", lever h, with its rods j andj', foot-lever Gr, slot O", spring p", hand-lever h',

[LA A L rods j, pawls h, and ratchet-wheel H, with an arresting block-nut, D', adjustable upon a screw, I, to any required point on a graduated scale, adapted to be operated With said footlever and its counter-Weight W, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

17. The sectional nut N, its pivot a, in combination with the file-carriage, and screw S, substantiall;r as set forth.

18. The horizontally-divided nut N, having but one section thereof threaded, its tWo sections hinged together and fastened by a springclasp, n, and adapted to be operated upon an extended screw, substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

19. The combination of the file-carriage, chain, windlass, pawls, and ratchet-Wheels,

OLIVER W. LE MAR.

Witnesses B. C. OoNvnRsE, l A. M. JUDY. 

